Mediterranean

Food for thoughts #5

Saffron Barley risotto 

Saffron barley risotto with courgettes.jpg

This is the last recipe dedicated to the mental health topic.
We created this alternative risotto using barley, also known by its Italian name: orzo. Barley is an incredible whole grain which is often added to soups and summer salads in Italy. It is full of fibre (10.5g per 100g), minerals such as molybdenum, manganese, selenium and has a lovely nuttier taste compared to rice. If you are allergic or intolerant to gluten, please note that orzo/barley contains it.


The star of this recipe, though, is saffron. This powerful spice, collected manually from the threads of a Mediterranean-Middle Easter flower called Crocus sativus, contains natural anti-depressant properties and can improve cognitive health.
If you are experiencing low mood or mood-swings, anxiety, insomnia… try to eat a whole foods diet, reduce sugar consumption and use more saffron in your recipes.


Saffron can also help improve digestion and calm gastrointestinal complaints, so we thought it was perfect spice for this week’s recipe!
You can add saffron to soups, stews, primi piatti… but you can also have it with some warm lemon water as a comforting and uplifting tea.

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jcim-2015-0043/html
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032717315884

Saffron barley risotto with courgettes-2.jpg


Prep Time: 10 minutes 

Cook Time: 20 minutes

Total Time: 30 minutes

Serves 2


INGREDIENTS
150g dry barley

20ml olive oil

70g leek, chopped

¼ tsp saffron strands

400ml vegetable stock

1 tsp sea salt

1 courgette (about 180g)

a sprinkle of salt


To garnish 

shaved parmesan 

chives


INSTRUCTIONS

1 In a small cup place the saffron strands and pour in about 100 ml of warm water on the top. Leave to soak overnight or at least for two hours. 

2 Wash and finely chop the leek. 

3 Cut the courgette in cubes discarding the ends.

4 In a deep saucepan bring the vegetable stock to a boil. 

5 In a medium saucepan, heat up the olive oil, stir in the chopped leek and half of the courgette. Cook for about 5 minutes until soft . 

6 Spoon in the turmeric powder and cook for 1 minute.

7 Pour in the barley and cook it for about 2 minutes. 

8 Add in the water you previously used to soak the saffron and half of your vegetable stock. Stir continuously until the liquid is fully absorbed. 

9 Season to your taste. 

10 Add in the remaining courgettes and half of the stock left. Keep stirring until it is fully absorbed and pour the remaining water if you need. 

11 Let stand off heat and cover for 5 minutes, then stir and serve.

I like to serve mine with shaved parmesan and chives on the top. 


About us

Giulia Rocca, is a registered Nutritional Therapist, the founder of Cromo Nutrition.
She has always been very passionate about food and plants; this is probably inherited from her grandfather, who used to teach her how to cook Italian recipes, plant tiny seeds and grow lemon trees in their garden. Her biggest interests are digestive problems, skin conditions, immunity and cognitive health, but she is very happy to listen and help people with any sort of health concerns.

Jennifer Cauli is a professional photographer and writer based in London. She is specialising in food and travel topics. She has worked with restaurants and food businesses around the world. Several of her images and stories have been successfully published with Culture Trip, Suitcase Magazine, Great British Chefs and many others. A few of her images made it into the shortlisted for The Pink Lady Food Photographer of The Year, International Siena Photo Festival and Women Behind The Lens.

Food for thoughts #2

Conta-bollita soup (a combination between Ribollita and Contadina soup )

Ribollita.jpg

Giulia and I started with the idea of a Ribollita, a thick vegetarian soup from Tuscany dated as far back as medieval times. Ribollita literally means re-boiled — noble family's servants used to reheat the left-over food with the addition of bread. The bread would soak in all the delicious flavours.

But since we thought some of you might not want to eat bread, the recipe would no longer be a genuine ribollita but more of a contadina soup. They are both very similar as they both contain lots of beans but the contadina doesn't have any bread.
So this recipe is sort of like a hybrid between two regional Italian recipes that we renamed Conta-bollita. It is a very comforting dish, perfect for cold wintery days. It would make a great addition to your diet as it is a very healthy one.


It needs a bit of advance preparation as the beans need to soak overnight or for at least 24 hours.


It takes a fair amount of time to make this soup so I recommend doing a large amount and freeze the rest if you wish.

Foods that are full of fibre and contain a wide variety of vegetables can have a fantastic impact on our gut health, and therefore on our mental health. Recent studies have brought to light the synergistic and important connection that exist between gut and brain. Our digestive system and our brain interact both physically and biochemically in a number of different ways.

The vagus nerve, for example, a long nerve which connects the intestine (and other organs) to the brain, sends signals in both directions. Therefore if you are stressed you may not digest very well, and if your stomach did not agree with certain foods, your concentration may not be as good as normal.


Gut and brain also communicate with neurotransmitter, chemical messengers produced mainly in the brain which control feelings and emotions. Our gut, though, also produces certain neurotransmitters like serotonin (which works by making us feel happy), and our gut microflora can produce a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps control feelings of fear and anxiety.
This show us how connected the health of our digestive and nervous system is —no wonder that “adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with better mental and physical health”


In order to promote our mind well-being even further, for this recipe we added black beans to the mix of pulse are traditionally use in the recipe since black beans are one of the top foods for folate, and “Folate deficiency and low folate status have been linked in clinic studies to depression, persistent depressive symptoms, and poor antidepressant response.”


When changing the recipe we also made sure the soup was going to have a good amount of leaf vegetables which are packed with calcium, vitamin K and magnesium, essential for energy production, heart and brain health.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367209/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393509/
https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/68692
https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m2382.short
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-019-01943-4
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/adherence-to-the-mediterranean-diet-is-associated-with-better-mental-and-physical-health/0C91627A98D6ABB078EFBA47B0573EC8
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/public-health-nutrition/article/mediterranean-diet-and-depression/67F265CA11470ADC1C9AD2838B7340B7


Prep Time: 25 minutes + 

10 hrs to soak the beans overnight 

Cook Time: 1h 45 minutes

Serves 6 people


INGREDIENTS

80g dried green lentils

150g dried cannellini beans

150g dried black beans

2 garlic cloves

20ml olive oil 

1 rosemary stick

1.5l water

salt

pepper


olive oil 5 ml

70g onion

2 chillies 

70g carrots 

1 celery stick

120g potatoes

250g savoy cabbage

250g kale

250g swiss cabbage

200g tinned plum tomatoes

black pepper

1-2 tsp salt


INSTRUCTIONS

1 Start by soaking the beans overnight. If you don't have time or you want to speed up the procedure you can just buy precooked canned beans.

2 To prepare our conta-bollita you must cook the beans first as they take a fair amount of time. In a large deep pan heat up the olive oil with the rosemary and garlic for about 2 minutes. Drain the beans and pour them in. Cover with 1.5l of boiling water and cook for about 1 hour. Season with salt and pepper.

3 Take out the rosemary stick. Then blend in half of the beans in a mixer and pour it back into the pot. 

4 Now prep your veggies. 

5 Peel the onion and chop it finely. 

6 Remove the strings from the celery sticks and chop them finely. 

7 Peel the carrots and cut them into small cubes of about 1/3 inch. 

8 Peel the potatoes and cut them into cubes of about 1 inch.

9 Chop the chillies finely, taking care to remove the seeds if you don't want the soup to be too spicy. 

10 In a small pot heat up the olive oil and cook the onion, celery, carrots and chilli for about 5 minutes. 

11 Wash the savoy cabbage, kale and Swiss cabbage. Then remove the middle stems from the hardest leaves, and roughly chop them into large pieces of about 2”

12 Now add in the potatoes followed by the tomato sauce and cook for about 10 minutes. 

13 Pour in all the content into the larger pot with the bean soup previously made . 

14 Add the lentils, cabbage, Swiss chard and kale leaves. Bring the soup to the boil and simmer with the lid on for about 30 minutes. 

15 Season with salt and pepper.

16 Taste and serve with bread if you wish. 

I like to eat mine like the original ribollita with a lot of bread soaking all the delicious soup.  

Enjoy!"

Cassola. Sardinian Seafood Soup.  

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If you are a seafood lover you can’t miss this seafood soup typical of my area in Sardinia, Italy.

With my family we generally cook a seafood based meal for NYE. Because of the pandemic, like many of us, I will not be able to spend time with them this year, but hopefully this comforting soup will bring you some warmth.

As we always do, Giulia and I cooked this main by making a few small changes in the list of ingredients, in order to offer a healthier alternative. However, the star of this dish was (typically) and still is seafood. Also following Giulia’s advice in terms of nutrition “Mollusks and crustaceans are a great source of proteins and minerals, especially if you compare them with the most popular protein-rich foods like chicken or beef. Prawns, for example, are high in an easily-absorbable form of selenium, an essential mineral that protects our body from free-radicals.
Mussels also contain good levels of selenium, zinc and other vitamins such as B12 and betacarotene. I really hope you love sea food as much as we do!

The first thing we added to this recipe in order to give this soup a small amount of fibre was celery. This vegetable is very low in calories, but full of health-promoting benefits such as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds which have been seen to support the function of our heart and digestive system.

We then used red mullet a small-size fish instead of a big one such as sward fish, which is traditionally added to this dish. Small fish contain less mercury and toxins from the sea, so they are for sure a better option! (We decided not to add any oily fish to this soup as their distinctive strong flavour would overpower the delicate taste of the other ingredients).”

With our bellies full, we wish you a very relaxing New Year’s Eve and a positive start with the New Year.

Prep Time: 20 minutes + 2 hours to soak the clams and mussels

Cook Time: 40 minutes

Total Time: 60 minutes 

Serves 2


INGREDIENTS

1 small squid (160g)

6 tiger prawns (shell on)

200g mussels

300g clams

1 small red mullet (200g)

100 ml white wine

1 chilli

2 garlic cloves

400ml tomato passata

150g cherry tomatoes

a bunch of parsley

1tbs olive oil

1 celery stick


FISH STOCK

450ml water

prawn shells

red mullet bones

1 celery stick

1 garlic clove

1tbs olive oil


INSTRUCTIONS

To start we will be prepping our ingredients.

The first thing to do as soon as you buy the clams and mussels, is to place them in water for a couple of hours. This is done to help the clams release all the sand. Also if there are any open clams or mussels, lightly tap them to the side of the sink. If they do not close, discard them.

Clean the prawns by cutting the shells along the back slicing into the flesh a tiny bit too to expose the vein. Pull the vein out and rinse the prawn in water. Repeat the procedure for each prawn. 

Place the shells in a small pan that you will use to make a fish stock. 

If your fishmonger hasn’t filleted your red mullet then this is the time to do it. I suggest watching videos on the internet if you do not know how to fillet a fish. As a summary instruction, you must cut the head and tail of the fish. Then with a sharp knife slice along the back and keep slicing the rest of the flesh. You must feel that the flat part of the blade is rubbing against the bones underneath.

Keep the bones and place them in the same pan with the prawn shells. Add in the garlic clove peeled and sliced in a half and the celery stick with 1 tbsp of oil. Cook at high heat for 1-2 min until the shells have changed colour. 

Add in the water and 1/2 tsp of salt and bring to the boil. Then cook at low heat for at least 20-30min.

Start by cleaning your mussels by removing the “beard” often found hanging off the shell. Place the mussels in a colander in the sink and run water over them, using the tip of a knife to clean off any debris that could be on the shell. 

Drain the clams. Cut the squid into rings of 1/2 cm thick. 

Now in a large non stick pan. Heat up the olive oil, then cook the garlic, celery and chilli for 3 minutes. Pour in your clams and mussels. Cook for 2 minutes. Then add in the white wine. until it evaporates completely.

Cook at medium heat for a few minutes. Shake the pan a few times to help the clams and mussels to open. Mine started to open after just 4 minutes and were all open within 6 minutes.

If you find any stubborn ones that do not want to open, then wait an extra minute for them to open. Avoid opening them with a knife but just discard them instead if they stay closed.

Set the clams and mussels aside.

Now cook prawns, squid  and red mullet in the same pan with all the flavours of the mussels and squid. Cook for 2 minutes on each side for a total of 4 minutes and set aside. 

Pour the tomato sauce in the same pan where you cooked the fish, season to taste and cook for 5 minutes. If your fish stock is  ready then drain it with a fine sieve over the pan with the tomato sauce. Cook until you reach the consistency desired. I cooked mine for just about 10 more minutes.

Then place all the seafood back in to warm up for a further 2 minutes.

Sprinkle some parsley on the top and enjoy!   

TIPS:

This recipe can be simplified if your fishmonger does part of the job for you. Such as asking him to clean the squid and fillet the red mullet. But remember to keep the red mullet bones that you will use to make your fish stock. 

Alternatively if you want to save yourself some time, most of the fishmongers sell pre-made fish stock. 

Check that the clams and mussels you are buying are not closed or broken. 

“The food of the Gods”

Polenta cakes with mushrooms sauce and kale

01. Polentine ai funghi.jpg

Once I read that the ancient Romans believed mushrooms were the “food of the Gods” and I think most of us (Italians) still see mushrooms in the same way.
The properties contained in mushrooms are slightly different depending on each variety. For this recipes we used chestnut mushrooms which are rich in vitamin K —an essential nutrient to ensure healthy blood and bones—B vitamins and minerals such as copper and selenium. These succulent vegetables are also an amazing source of antioxidants and immune-boosting compounds such as beta-glucans.

“What I have realised during over three decades of dinner parties and, particularly, Christmas parties is that we all often start binging on appetizers and starters—high-calorie foods, made with refined ingredients and almost zero fibre— to find ourselves feeling full before the main meal even arrives on the table. For this reason, I like to inspire my guests with low-calorie vegan or vegetarian starters, and to share with you the recipes I tried.” says Giulia

Polenta is a delicious food, typical from Italy. In my region, Sardinia, people used to eat polenta as a primo, often served with a tomato sauce. In Lombardia instead, Giulia said “there is no party without polenta, but this corn-flour pudding gets generally served as a side dish (contorno), together with roasted or stewed meat.” Since polenta is very light, gluten-free and has a delicate flavour that works well with pretty much everything Giulia and I decided to use it as a base for our Christmas starters.

The combination of vegetables we used as topping also has the traditional flavours of Italy. However you could potentially use other veggies if you don’t like mushrooms or cavolo nero.

Cavolo Nero, also known as Tuscan Kale, is just an Italian variety of kale, but with dark green-blue leaves —here the adjective “nero” which means black.
Kale belongs to the cruciferous vegetable family, known for its high amounts of phytonutrients which help promoting detoxification and protecting against cell-aging. Like most leafy green vegetable, kale is also high in beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin K and minerals, especially manganese.

These polenta cakes are perfect served as a starter either for Christmas or NYE. 

They are really easy to make, provided that you buy the instant polenta, or the task will become way longer. 

For a more luxurious version you can use Porcini mushroom which have a stronger taste. 



Prep Time: 10 minutes

Cook Time: 35 minutes

Total Time: 45 minutes 

Serves 2


INGREDIENTS

POLENTA

200g Instant polenta

800ml vegetable stock 

1 tsp salt 

MUSHROOM SAUCE

200G chestnut mushrooms

1-2 cloves garlic

15g butter

30ml red wine

100g tomato sauce


a few leaves of kale (Cavolo nero)

100ml water 

5g butter

1/2 lemon squeezed 


TO SERVE

a bunch of parsley

INSTRUCTIONS

For the polenta I recommend using Instant polenta unless you want to spend your day cooking. For best results follow the instructions on the package. I used De Cecco polenta for mine (This is not a sponsored post). It just needs about 8 minutes to be ready. 

The procedure is more or less the same for every polenta though, it consists in  boiling your vegetable stock in a large pot, add in some salt to your liking. 

Then remove the pot from the stove and pour in the polenta slowly into the water while stirring.

After you poured it all in, bring back the pot on the stove and cook at low heat stirring continuously for about 8 minutes or until the water is fully absorbed. 

Take a large flat tray and pour in your polenta. It should form a layer about 1 inch thick. Leave to cool down.

In the meantime we can work at our mushroom’s sauce.

First thing clean your mushrooms using the tip of the knife to scrape the stalk a tiny bit and use a kitchen towel to clean the top of the mushroom. 

Slice your mushroom into small pieces. 

In a small pan heat up the butter and when it is melted add in the garlic cloves. Cook for 2-5 minutes or until they have some colour. Add in your mushrooms previously cut, add half a glass of water and cook with the lid on for about 10-15 minutes at low heat. Your mushrooms are ready when they are soft. 

Spoon in your tomato sauce and cook at low heat for another 10minutes. Season to taste. Sprinkle some parsley on the top. 

Now we will quickly prep the kale that will form a base for our mushroom sauce to seat on top of the polenta. Wash the kale, then on a chopping board shred it into 1 inch wide strips.

Bring to the boil 100ml of water with salt, add in the butter and lemon juice and cook your kale for about 5 minutes or until tender. Drain it well and set aside.  

Cut the polenta into circles with a cookie cutter or squares if you prefer.

Heat up a pan and heat-up the polenta for about 2 minutes per side.

Place the circles on a serving tray. Then place some of the kale leaves on top of each one and spoon in some your mushroom sauce.

The polenta cakes are now ready, they are also delicious served at room temperature.